While geological reference materials (RMs) have existed for many years, their use has become widespread only in the last decade. This increase in popularity stems from the recognition of the critical role RMs play in monitoring the quality of assay data generated in analytical laboratories. To the geologist, reference materials have application in grass roots exploration, resource definition, minesite exploration and grade control. To the chemist they facilitate the calibration of analytical equipment, evaluation and validation of analytical methods and routine in-house Quality Assurance/Quality Control.

Many terms are used to describe RMs or Certified Reference Materials (CRMs) and this can be confusing to the uninitiated. The term ‘standard’ strictly refers to an (ISO) approved and documented procedure in industry but its use as a synonym for RMs is widespread and entrenched throughout the mining and chemical industry. Other terms in common usage include Standard Reference Materials (SRMs), In-house or Internal Reference Materials (IRMs) and Matrix-Matched or Mine Matched Certified Reference Materials (MMCRMs).

For more information see the Glossary of Terms